Explain about the various environment factors that influence the TB Epidemic
Climate, over-crowding, pollution, socio-economoic conditions, ventilation, cultural
Explain about important factors of the host that influences the TB epidemic.
age, sex, immunity, co-morbidity, Nutrition, substance abuse,
Explain about important factors of Mtb. that influences the TB epidemic.
Predictive values are important for a diagnostic test because they tell how truly a test result reflects the truth. Positive predictive value (PPV) and negative predictive value (NPV) are true positive and true negative results of a diagnostic test, respectively. In other words, if someone receives a certain diagnosis by a test, predictive values describe how likely it is for the diagnosis to be correct.
Positive Predictive Value
PPV is the percentage of patients with a positive test who actually have the disease.
Positive and Negative predictive value for a test
In 1993, the World Health Organisation devised the Directly Observed Treatment Strategy (DOTS) and recommended all countries to adopt it. It called for Nationally coordinated, high-quality TB services, which were priority for improving advancing and sustaining the fight against TB.
The DOTS strategy is based on five components as shown in the below figure.
Figure: Components of the DOTS Strategy
Resources
Patients suffering from microbiologically confirmed pulmonary TB (PTB) constitutes the most important source of infection.
Discuss what is meant by exposure to TB bacilli and how it happens.